홀로코스트에 대한 21세기 아일랜드 시인들의 답변에는 아일랜드 유대인 공동체의 역사적 맥락과 전쟁 전의 기록 및 유럽 본토에서 온 난민들의 전시 이민이 우선 고려 대상으로 포함되어야 한다. 인구 조사 통계에 따르면, 1861년 이후 아일랜드에는 소규모이지만 영향력 있는 유대인 공동체가 존재해 왔으며, 주로 더블린에 기반을 두고 있지만 코르크와 리머릭 같은 도시에도 존재했다는 것을 보여준다. 1904년을 기록한 제임스 조이스의 율리시스(1922년)보다 3년 전인 1901년에 실시한 인구 조사를 보면 아일랜드에는 약 320만 명의 유대인이 살고 있었다. 1946년까지 이 수치는 5,381명으로 줄었다. 이것은 중유럽과 동유럽에서 대량 추방으로 이어진 아일랜드의 전쟁 이전 상황 및 전시 작전을 설명하는 통계이다. 홀로코스트(1942-45년) 시기에도 아일랜드의 정책은 인색했다. 더모트 키오흐(Dermot Keogh)의 권위 있는 연구서인 “20세기 아일랜드의 유대인”에 따르면, 2차 세계대전 동안 아일랜드에서 수용한 유대인 난민들의 수가 "아마도 60명에 불과할 것이다"라고 하였다. (Keogh 1998: 192)
Any consideration of the response by twentieth and twenty-first century of Irish poets to holocaust must consider first the historical context of Ireland’s little Jew community and the record of pre-war and wartime immigration into Ireland by refugees from mainland Europe. Available census statistics show that 1861 onwards there was a little but significant Jew community in Ireland mainly based in Dublin but also in cities such as Cork and Limerick. The 1901 census taken three years before the 1904 setting of James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922), suggest that there were just over 3,000 Jew living in Ireland out of a total population of roughly 3,200,000. By 1946, this number had risen only to 5,381 professing Jew on the island of Ireland. These statistics tell their own story of Ireland’s pre-war and wartime inaction in the face of mass expulsions from central and eastern Europe. Even during the years of holocaust, 1942-45, Irish policy was parsimonious at best and according to Dermot Keogh’s authoritative study Jews in TwentiethCentury Ireland (1998), the number admitted during the Second World War “may have been as few as sixty” (Keogh 1998: 192).
Any
consideration of the response by twentieth and twenty-first century of Irish
poets to the1 Hholocaust
must consider first the historical context of
Ireland’s little small 2Jewish
community and the record of pre-war and wartime immigration into Ireland by
refugees from mainland Europe. Available census statistics show that 1861
onwards there was a little small but significant Jewish community in Ireland mainly based in Dublin
but also in cities such as Cork and Limerick. The 1901 census taken three years
before the 1904 setting of James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922), suggest that there
were just over 3,000 Jews3 living in
Ireland out of a total population of roughly 3,200,000. By 1946, this number
had risen only to 5,381 professing Jews
on the island of Ireland. These statistics tell their own story of Ireland’s
pre-war and wartime inaction in the face of mass expulsions from central and
eastern Europe. Even during the years of the
Hholocaust,
1942-45, Irish policy was parsimonious at best and according to Dermot Keogh’s
authoritative study “Jews in Twentieth-4Century Ireland (1998)”5,
the number of Jewish refugees 6admitted
during the Second World War “may have been as few as sixty” (Keogh 1998: 192).
Any
consideration of the response offered 1by
twentieth and twenty-first century of 2Irish
poets to the3 Hholocaust must consider
first involve reviewing 4the
historical context of Ireland’s little small 5Jewish
community and the Ireland’s record of pre-war and wartime immigration into Ireland by acceptance of refugees from mainland Europe.
Available census statistics show that 1861 onwards
there was a little small but significant Jewish community has
existed in Ireland since 1861. This
community was primarily mainly based
in Dublin but also settled in cities
such as Cork and Limerick. The 1901 census,
taken three years before the 1904 setting of James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922),
suggests that people of Jewish origin constituted there were just over 3,000 Jews6
living inof Ireland’s out of a total population of roughly
3,200,000. By 1946, this number had risen only to 5,381 people professing Jews on the island of Ireland7.
These statistics tell narrate 8their own story of Ireland’s pre-war and
wartime inaction in the face of mass expulsions from Ccentral and Eeastern Europe.
Irish policy was parsimonious at best even between
1942 and 1945, the years of the Holocaust. Even during the years of the Hholocaust,
1942-45, Irish policy was parsimonious at best and Aaccording to Dermot Keogh’s
authoritative study “9Jews in
Twentieth-10Century Ireland (1998)”11, the number of Jewish
refugees 12admitted by Ireland during
the Second World War “may have been as few as sixty” (Keogh 1998: 192).
Any consideration of the response offered by twentieth and twenty-first century Irish poets to the Holocaust must first involve reviewing the historical context of Ireland’s small Jewish community and Ireland’s record of pre-war and wartime acceptance of refugees from mainland Europe. Available census statistics show a small but significant Jewish community has existed in Ireland since 1861. This community was primarily based in Dublin but also settled in cities such as Cork and Limerick. The 1901 census, taken three years before the 1904 setting of James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922), suggests that people of Jewish origin constituted just over 3,000 of Ireland’s total population of roughly 3,200,000. By 1946, this number had risen only to 5,381 people. These statistics narrate their own account of Ireland’s pre-war and wartime inaction in the face of mass expulsions from Central and Eastern Europe. Irish policy was parsimonious at best even between 1942 and 1945, the years of the Holocaust. According to Dermot Keogh’s authoritative study Jews in Twentieth-Century Ireland (1998), the number of Jewish refugees admitted by Ireland during the Second World War “may have been as few as sixty” (Keogh 1998: 192).
