1. 소개
형태학은 형태소(언어의 형태와 의미의 가장 작은 단위)와 단어 구성 방법을 연구하는 언어학의 한 분야이다. 일반적으로 단어가 구문의 가장 작은 단위로 받아들여진다는 사실에도 불구하고, 대부분의 언어에서 단어들은 규칙에 의해 다른 단어들과 관련이 있다는 것은 분명하다. 이 규칙들은 단어가 작은 단위에서부터 형성되는 방식과 언어에 있어 단어가 어떻게 상호작용을 하는지에 관한 특정한 패턴을 만들어낸다. 이러한 방식으로 형태학은 단어 형성의 패턴을 연구하고 언어 사용자의 지식을 바탕으로 문법을 구성하려고 시도하는 언어학의 한 분야이다.
1.1 형태소
형태소는 언어 형태와 의미론적인 의미를 가진 언어의 가장 작은 단위이다. 구어에서는 형태소가 음소(가장 작은 단위의 음소/음성)를 구성하는 반면, 문어에서는 자소(음소/음성을 문자로 나타내는 가장 작은 단위)가 형태소를 구성한다.
1.2 어휘소
어휘소는 어휘적 의미의 추상적 단위로, 성별, 시제, 숫자 또는 사람과 관련된 문법 정보를 반영하기 위해 언어의 굴절(예:접미사)을 추가할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 부여하다, 부여하다(3인칭 단수), 부여하는, 부여한, 부여했다는 모두 하나의 어휘소를 형성한다 (즉, 한 가지 의미의 독립체이다). 언어의 굴절이 없는 단어의 단위는 어휘소라고 알려져 있고, 그밖에 변형이 아주 적거나 없는 단어의 단위는 단어의 기본형이라고 불린다.
1.3 합성어
위키백과의 정의에 따르면, 언어학에서 합성어는 하나 이상의 어휘소로 구성된 어휘소(단어)이다. 합성어에는 세 가지 유형이 있다. 1) 내심적 합성어: AB가 B의 일례일 때 (예: Teaspoon). 2) 외심적 합성어: AB가 A나 B가 아닌 AB와 연관된 C일 때 (예: Birdbrain). 3) 연결 또는 결합 합성어: AB가 A와 B의 결합물일 때 (예: Producer-director).
Introduction
Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies morphemes (the smallest units of linguistic form and meaning) and how they constitute words. Despite the fact that words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in many languages words can be related to other words by rules. The rules display some clear kind of patterns in the way words are fromed from smaller units and how these interact in speech? Thus, morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation, and attempts to construct grammar based on the knowledge of the speakers of those languages.
1.1 Morphemes
Morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that has linguistic form andsemantics meaning. In oral language, phonemes (the smallest unit of sound/speech) make up morphemes; in written language, graphemes (the smallest written unit representing sound/speech) compose morphemes….
1.2 Lexemes
A lexeme is abstract unit of a word to which inflections (e.g., suffixes) can be added to reflect gender-, tense-, number-, person-relevant grammatical information. For example, give, gives, giving, given, and gave form a single lexeme (that is, one meaning entity). A word unit with no inflections is called a lexeme, moreover, a word unit having minimal or no inflection is called a lemma.
1.3 Compound
Using the wikipedia definition In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (a word) that consists of more than one other lexeme. There are three types of compounds—An endocentric compounds where AB is an instance of B (e.g., teaspoon); exocentric compounds where AB is neither an A nor a B but a C associated with AB (e.g., birdbrain); and copulative compounds where AB is A and B (e.g., producer-director).
1.Introduction
Morphologyis the branch of linguistics that studies morphemes (the smallest units oflinguistic form and meaning) and how they constitute words. Despite the factthat words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it isclear that in many most 1languages wordscan be related to other words by rules. The rules display produce some clear kind ofspecific patterns in regarding 2theway words are foromed3 from smallerunits and how these interact in speech.? Thus, morphology isthe branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation, and attempts to construct a language’s grammar based on theknowledge of the its speakers of those languages4.
1.1 Morphemes
A mMorphemeis the smallest linguistic unit of language that haslinguistic form and semantics meaning. In oral spoken language,morphemescomprise phonemes (the smallest unit of sound/speech) make up morphemes5; whereas,6 in written language,graphemes (the smallest written unit representing sound/speech) compose mor phemes…. .
1.2Lexemes
Alexeme is anabstract unit of a wordlexical meaning7 towhich inflections (e.g., suffixes) can be added to reflect gender-, tense-, number-, andperson-relevant grammatical information. For example, give, gives,giving, given, and gave form a single lexeme (that is,one meaning entity). A word unit with all of its inflections is called alexeme, moreover, a word unit having minimal or no inflection is called alemma.
1.3 Compounds
Using the wW8ikipediadefinition,iInlinguistics, a compound is a lexeme (a word) that consists of more than oneother lexeme. There are three types of compounds—An endocentriccompounds where AB is an instance of B (e.g., teaspoon); exocentriccompounds where AB is neither an A nor a B but a C associated with AB (e.g., birdbrain);and copulative compounds where AB is A and B (e.g., producer-director).
1.Introduction
Morphologyis the branch of linguistics that studies morphemes (the smallest units oflinguistic form and meaning) and how they constitute words. Despite the fact thatAlthoughwordsare generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear thatin many most 1languageswords can bearerelated to other words by rules,2 which result in. The rules display produce some clear kind ofspecificpatterns inregarding 3the ways that words are foro4med from smallerunits and how these they interact in speech.? Thus, morphology is the branch of linguistics that5 studies patterns of word formation, and attempts toconstruct alanguage’s grammar based on the knowledge of the its speakers of thoselanguages6.
1.1 Morphemes
A mMorphemeis the smallest linguistic unit of language that has linguistic form and semantics meaning. In oral spoken language,morphemes comprise 7phonemes (the smallest unit of sound/speech) make up morphemes; whereas,8 in written language, they are constituted by graphemes (the smallestwritten unit representing sound/speech) composemorphemes…. .
1.2Lexemes
Alexeme is anabstract unit of a wordlexical meaning9 towhich inflections (e.g., suffixes) can be added to reflect gender-, tense-,number-,and person-relevant grammatical information. For example, give,gives, giving, given, and gave form a singlelexeme; they are all forms of the same entity andshare the same root (that is, one meaning entity)10.A The set ofwords unit with noall of its inflections is called a the lexeme; moreoverhowever, at the root of each lexeme is a lemma, which is a word unit having with minimal or no inflection is called a lemma. andconstitutes the canonical or citation form of a set of words that share thesame lexeme.11
1.3 Compounds
Using the wW12ikipediadefinition,iInlinguistics, a compound is a lexeme (aword) that consists of more than one other lexeme. There are three types of compounds—13: 1)An endocentric compounds whereby the compound serves the same linguistic function as oneof its parts, such that AB is an instance of B (e.g., teaspoon);2) exocentric compounds in which the compound fulfills a new function, such that14 where AB is neither an A nor a B but rather 15a C associated with AB (e.g., bird brain);and 3) copulative or combination compoundswhereby AB is a combination of A and B (e.g., producer-director).
1. Introduction
Morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies morphemes (the smallest units of linguistic form and meaning) and how they constitute words. Although words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most languages words are related to other words by rules, which result in specific patterns regarding the ways that words are formed from smaller units and how they interact in speech. Thus, morphology studies patterns of word-formation, and attempts to construct a language’s grammar based on the knowledge of its speakers.
1.1 Morphemes
A morpheme is the smallest unit of language that has linguistic form and semantic meaning. In spoken language, morphemes comprise phonemes (the smallest unit of sound/speech); whereas, in written language, they are constituted by graphemes (the smallest written unit representing sound/speech).
1.2 Lexemes
A lexeme is an abstract unit of lexical meaning to which inflections (e.g., suffixes) can be added to reflect gender-, tense-, number-, and person-relevant grammatical information. For example, give, gives, giving, given, and gave form a single lexeme; they are all forms of the same entity and share the same root meaning. The set of words with all of its inflections is called the lexeme; however, at the root of each lexeme is a lemma, which is a word unit with minimal or no inflection and constitutes the canonical or citation form of a set of words that share the same lexeme.
1.3 Compounds
Using the Wikipedia definition, in linguistics, a compound is a word that consists of more than one lexeme. There are three types of compounds: 1)endocentric compounds whereby the compound serves the same linguistic function as one of its parts, such that AB is an instance of B (e.g., teaspoon); 2) exocentric compounds in which the compound fulfills a new function, such that AB is neither an A nor a B but rather a C associated with AB (e.g., birdbrain); and 3) copulative or combination compounds whereby AB is a combination of A and B (e.g., producer-director).
