平滑肌肉瘤（LMS）是一種罕見的小腸腫瘤，病發於黏膜肌層或固有肌層。LMS 在小腸最常出現的部位是空腸，其次是迴腸和十二指腸。其常見的表現包括腹部腫塊、腹痛和明顯的胃腸道出血。LMS 多發於五十至六十歲之間，男性發生率比女性稍高。小腸腫瘤的術前診斷很困難，特別是在良性腫瘤和惡性腫瘤的區分方面。近期一篇文獻回顧顯示，電腦斷層掃描（CT）和磁共振（MR）腸造影檢查和腸灌注法檢查是評估小腸內 LMS 的良好方式。CT 和 MR 影像都可能遺漏的表層病變可以透過膠囊內視鏡檢測到，檢測率約為 80%。在組織學上，LMS 類似於胃腸道基質瘤；然而，在免疫組織化學上，它對 CD117 和 CD34 是陰性反應，對平滑肌肌動蛋白和肌間線蛋白是陽性反應。當 LMS 的大小超過 5 公分時，它通常會擴散到肝臟（65％）、其他消化道器官（15％）和肺臟（4％）。它也可以通過淋巴系統（13％）或腹膜路徑（18％）擴散。小腸內 LMS 唯一有效的治療方法就是手術。原發腫瘤應完全切除，並大範圍切除腸系膜。LMS 對化療的反應尚不明，放射治療在治療方面不起作用。 因此，如果可能的話，應考慮轉移切除術。 合併使用多西他賽和吉西他濱的第二期和第三期大型試驗報告了對 LMS （主要是子宮原發 LMS）的優異反應率。然而，一些研究尚未能確認這種組合的功效。最近，曲貝替定顯示對 LMS的反應率高達 56%，而且在蒽環類藥物及異環磷醯胺組合治療失敗後，該藥物對於治療極晚期和轉移性 LMS 特別有用。
翻譯: 您學科領域的翻譯師翻譯您的原稿
Leiomyosarcoma are rare tumors of small intestine which arise from the muscularis mucosa or muscularis propria. The most common site of LMS in the small intestine is jejunum followed by ileum and then duodenum. The common presentations include abdominal mass, abdominal pain or overt gastrointestinal bleeding. They are mainly seen in 6th decade of life with slight male preponderance. Preoperative diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is difficult, especially differentiating between benign and malignant tumors. For LMS in small intestine, recent review of literature revealed that CT and MRI-enterography and enteroclysis are good options.Cases of superficial lesion which can be missed by both CT and MRI, can however be detected by water capsule endoscopy with a detection rate of around 80%. Histologically LMS resembles like GIST, however they are CD117 and CD34 negative by immunohistochemistry and positive for smooth muscle antigen (SMA) and desmin. When these tumors are more than 5 cm they commonly spread hematogenously to liver (65%), other GI organs (15%), lung(4%). It also has the capability to spread via lymphatics (13%) or via peritoneal route (18%). The only effective treatment for small intestine LMS is surgery. The primary tumor should be excised radically, including a wide resection of the mesentry. Response to chemotherapy is doubtful, and there is no role for radiotherapy. Therefore, metastasectomy, if possible, should be considered. Large phase II and III studies combining docetaxel and gemcitabine yielded impressive response rates in LMSs (mostly of uterine origin). However, others were not able to confirm the efficacy of this combination. Recently, trabectedin showed response rates up to 56% in LMSs, and it appeared to be especially useful in far-advanced and metastatic LMSs after failure of the combination of anthracyclines and ifosfamide.
雙語核對：雙語核對師依照原文檢查譯文是否正確，並修正錯誤
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)1 areis
a rare tumors of small intestine which arise from the muscularis
mucosa or muscularis propria. The most common site of LMS in the small
intestine is the jejunum, followed by the ileum
and then duodenum. The common
presentations include abdominal mass, abdominal pain,
and2 or overt gastrointestinal
bleeding. They are mainly seenobserved3 in 6th decade of life with slight male
preponderance. The Ppreoperative
diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is difficult, especially in terms of differentiating between benign and
malignant tumors. For LMS in the small
intestine, a recent review of literature
revealed that computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance (MR)I- enterography
and enteroclysis are good detection4 options. Cases of superficial lesions, which can be missed by both CT and MRI imaging,
can however be detected by water capsule endoscopy,
with a detection rate of aroundapproximately 80%. Histologically, LMS resembles likegastrointestinal stromal tumorGIST,;
however they areit is negative for5 CD117 and CD34 negative by immunohistochemistry and positive for
smooth muscle antigenactin6 (SMA)
and desmin on immunohistochemistry. When
these tumors are more than 5 cm, they
commonly spread hematogenously to liver (65%), other gastrointestinalGI organs
(15%), and the lungs (4%). It They
also has have the capability to spread
via the lymphatics system (13%)
or via peritoneal route (18%). The only
effective treatment for LMS in the small
intestine LMS 7is surgery. The primary
tumor should be excised radically, including a wide resection of the mesentry.
Response to chemotherapy is doubtfulunknown, and there is no role for8of
radiotherapy. Therefore, metastasectomy, if possible, should be
considered. Large phase II and III studies combining docetaxel and
gemcitabine yielded impressive response rates forin LMSs (mostly of uterine origin). However,
others were not able to confirm the efficacy of this combination. Recently,
trabectedin showed response rates up to 56% forin LMSs, and it appeared to be especially useful
in far-advanced and metastatic LMSs after failure of the combination of
anthracyclines and ifosfamide.
編修：英文母語編修師改善文章整體的流暢度與呈現方式
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS)1 areis
a rare tumors of small intestineintestinal
tumor, which arises from the
muscularis mucosa or muscularis propria. The most common site of occurrence of 2LMS in the small intestine is the jejunum,
followed by the ileum and then duodenum. TheIts common presentations manifestations3 include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and4 or overt gastrointestinal bleeding. They are mainly seenobserved5 in the 6th
decade of life with slight male preponderance. In
general, the The Ppreoperative diagnosis of small intestinal tumors such as LMSs is difficult, especially in terms of differentiating between benign and
malignant tumors. For LMS in the small
intestine, 6According to a recent review of
literature revealed that review computed tomography (CT) and magnetic
resonance (MR)I- enterography
and enteroclysis are good 7detection options. Cases of superficial modalities for the assessment of LMS. Superficial lesions, which
can be missed by both CT and MRI imaging, can however be
detected by water capsule endoscopy, with
a detection rate of aroundapproximately 80%. Histologically, LMS resembles like8gastrointestinal stromal tumorGIST,;
however, on immunohistochemical analysis,
they areit is has been found to be negative for9 CD117 and CD34 negative by immunohistochemistry and positive for
smooth muscle antigenactin (SMA)10
and desmin on immunohistochemistry.
When these tumors arethe size of LMS is 11more than 5 cm, they commonly spread
it can hematogenously spread to the
liver (65%), other gastrointestinalGI organs (15%), and
the lungs (4%). It TheyIt can also has have the capability to spread via the lymphatics
system (13%) or via peritoneal route (18%). The response of LMS to chemotherapy is unknown, and radiotherapy
does not play a role in the treatment. Therefore, surgery is the only
effective treatment for LMS in the small
intestine. LMS
12is surgery. The primary tumor should
be excised radically, including a with wide resection of the mesentry. Response to chemotherapy is doubtfulunknown, and
there is no role forof13 radiotherapy. Therefore, metastasectomy, iIf possible, metastasectomy
should be considered. Large phase II and III studies
combiningtrials involving the
combination of docetaxel and gemcitabine yieldedhave reported impressive response rates forin LMSs
(mostly of uterine origin). However, others weresome studies have14 not been
able to confirm the efficacy of this combination. Recently, trabectedinTrabectedin
has recently showed response rates of up
to 56% forin
LMSs, and it appeared to be especiallyparticularly useful inagainst far-advanced and metastatic LMSs after
failure of the combination of anthracyclines
and ifosfamide, combination therapy.
完稿：翻譯完成品準時遞交給客戶
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare small intestinal tumor, which arises from the muscularis mucosa or muscularis propria . The most common site of occurrence of LMS in the small intestine is the jejunum, followed by the ileum and duodenum. Its common manifestations include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, and overt gastrointestinal bleeding.. They are mainly observed in the 6th decade of life, with slight male preponderance. In general, the preoperative diagnosis of small intestinal tumors such as LMSs is difficult, especially in terms of differentiating between benign and malignant tumors. According to a recent literature review computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) enterography and enteroclysis are good modalities for the assessment of LMS. Superficial lesions, which can be missed by both CT and MR imaging, can be detected by water capsule endoscopy, with a detection rate of approximately 80%. Histologically, LMS resembles gastrointestinal stromal tumor; however, on immunohistochemical analysis, it has been found to be negative for CD117 and CD34 and positive for smooth muscle actin and desmin. When the size of LMS is more than 5 cm, it can hematogenously spread to the liver (65%), other gastrointestinal organs (15%), and the lungs (4%). It can also spread via the lymphatic system (13%) or peritoneal route (18%). The response of LMS to chemotherapy is unknown, and radiotherapy does not play a role in the treatment. Therefore, surgery is the only effective treatment for LMS in the small intestine. The primary tumor should be excised radically with wide resection of the mesentery. If possible, metastasectomy should be considered. Large phase II and III trials involving the combination of docetaxel and gemcitabine have reported impressive response rates for LMSs (mostly of uterine origin). However, some studies have not been able to confirm the efficacy of this combination. Trabectedin has recently showed response rates of up to 56% for LMSs, and it appeared to be particularly useful against far-advanced and metastatic LMSs after failure of anthracyclines and ifosfamide combination therapy.
